This is some stuff

Below you see some of the common devices found on an office network.

Below are some of the major protocols that are found in office network.

This is the OSI model. It is used to describe the responsibilities that are divided into different protocols by each of it's 7 layers.

Each layer is responsible for implementing and interpreting particular protocols. When traffic is sent it flows from the top down. When receiving traffic it flows from the bottom up. Each layer either encapsulates or decapsulates the protocol it is dealing with. Each layer is also responsible for move the material it has processed either up or down to it's adjacent layer.

Here you can see more clearly how encapsulation works.

This is a TCP packet that includes the IP heading that has encapsulated the TCP portion.

The TCP header below is a bit more detailed. Each packet follows a detailed format so that sender and receiver will understand the meanings of each bit in a packet.